What is data?
Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner
What is a database?
A database refers to a collection of data that can be easily accessible, managed, and updated
There are five major types of databases:
Hierarchical databases
A hierarchical database model is a database model in which the data are organized into a tree-like structure. The data are stored as records which are connected through links.
Network databases
The network database model was a progression from the Hierarchical databases and was designed to solve some of that model’s problems, specifically the lack of flexibility.
Instead of only allowing each child to have one parent, this model allows each child to have multiple parents
Object-oriented databases
An object-oriented database (OODBMS) or object database management system (ODBMS) is a database that is based on object-oriented programming (OOP). The data is represented and stored in the form of objects. OODBMS is also called object databases or object-oriented database management systems.
Relational databases
A relational database is a type of database that stores and organizes related data points. Data is organized into tables that are linked based on shared data. They are the most common type of database used by businesses today.
NoSQL databases
NoSQL Databases are non-relational Data Management Systems. They do not require a fixed schema. NoSQL is used for Big data and real-time web apps with humongous data storage needs.
Some popular NoSQL databases are Apache Cassandra, MongoDB, Neo4j, Amazon DynamoDB.
